Desenvolvimento de um compósito fotopolimerizável para alongamento, recuperação e tratamento das unhas

Abstract

The search for photopolymerizable formulations that are both safe and functionally compatible with the nail plate has gained increasing attention due to the limitations of commercial composites, which are often associated with structural damage, reduced mechanical resistance, and increased susceptibility to onychomycosis. In this study, an innovative photopolymerizable composite was developed, containing an optimized organic matrix and micronized inorganic salts capable of interacting with keratin, aiming to promote nail extension, recovery, and treatment. The formulation was subjected to comprehensive physicochemical characterization, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), enabling the selection of the system with improved thermal stability, reduced degradation prior to curing, and an optical profile favorable to photopolymerization. Complementary assays using human nail plates demonstrated adequate adhesion, absence of infiltration, and formation of a continuous film. Non-clinical toxicological evaluation using Caenorhabditis elegans included hatching and motility assays, in which the photopolymerizable matrix showed low toxicity limited to these endpoints, with no lethal effects or relevant behavioral alterations. These findings support a preliminary safety profile for topical use. Finally, the safety and performance of the composite were evaluated in a Phase I clinical study with volunteers using standardized image acquisition and instrumental metrics. The results showed progressive improvement in gloss, texture, perceived thickness, and surface integrity, as well as the absence of product-related adverse reactions. Overall, the findings indicate that the developed composite presents favorable safety and clinical applicability, representing a technologically advanced alternative to conventional systems used for nail extensions and ungual therapies. This study contributes to the scientific and regulatory advancement of photopolymers intended for nail care, opening perspectives for subsequent studies on expanded efficacy and new dermocosmetic applications.