Estimativa do potencial de geração de biogás proveniente das atividades econômicas grandes geradoras de resíduos orgânicos da cidade de João Pessoa (PB)

Abstract

Climate change is a consequence of anthropic exploration through the unsustainable use of natural resources and inadequate disposal of solid waste. Law No. 12,305, of August 2, 2010, which established the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), provides that some economic activities, and large generators, draw up their plans for waste management. In Brazil, the definition of large generators is not standardized, and the lack of criteria and elements subject to inspections makes inspections difficult. In João Pessoa, Decree No. 8,886, of December 23, 2016, qualifies establishments that produce more than 200 liters per day as large generators. This study aimed to investigate the potential for biogas production from organic waste from large generating activities in the city of João Pessoa. Due to the difficulty of obtaining data from public bodies, previously researched sectors were mapped, including hotels, bars and restaurants, farmer markets, supermarkets and Empresa Paraibana de Abastecimento e Serviços Agrícolas (EMPASA). Quantification of waste was carried out using a specific method for each type of large food waste generator. The estimate of biogas generation potential was based on the Scholl Canyon mathematical model. It is possible to highlight that the research has an innovative character, as no research was found in the bibliometric review carried out in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, which covers all large generators of organic waste, especially in João Pessoa. The study revealed a total organic waste mass estimated at 27,544 ton.year-1, with a potential for methane generation between 50,183 and 66,911 m³.year-1, which indicates a capacity for generating electrical energy of 2,035,407 kWh.year-1, which ratifies the feasibility of using this waste through more technological and sustainable disposal methods, such as the implementation of a biomethanation plant in the city of João Pessoa.