Intervenções com crianças no espectro autista : uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder requires early interventions based on empirical evidence to promote the child's global development and autonomy. This work consists of an integrative literature review that aims to investigate early interventions directed at children on the autism spectrum in the Brazilian context, identifying the target audience, prioritized development areas, and employed techniques. The methodological procedure encompasses systematic searches in the IndexPsi, LILACS, PePsic, and SciELO databases, using specific descriptors to compose the scope of the study. The results indicate the consolidation of Applied Behavior Analysis as the prevalent interventional approach, accompanied by the Early Start Denver Model and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. It is observed that the interventions focus mostly on children and promote the increasing training of caregivers, predominantly mothers, for therapeutic mediation in the home environment. The incorporation of diverse technological resources to enhance teaching and the development of socio-emotional skills is also noted. It is concluded that the national literature still lacks more robust experimental studies and presents critical gaps regarding the support intended for autistic adolescents and adults, which highlights the urgency of public policies that discuss and mitigate the gender burden in care and support.