FITONEMATOIDES ASSOCIADOS AO CULTIVO DE HORTALIÇAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE LAGOA SECA-PB CRISTIANO

Abstract

Vegetables are considered an essential component in human nutrition, since they are a good source of calories, carbohydrates, including fiber, minerals and vitamins. Among the diseases that affect vegetables in their cultivation and cause significant losses are those caused by the phytoparasite nematodes, which has been responsible for severe damage, resulting in reduction of productivity and economic losses. The aim of this study was to carry out a nematological survey of the main genera in areas of vegetable crops in the municipality of Lagoa Seca -PB. The present work was conducted at the Laboratório de Fitopatologia (LAFIT) and Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal (LEV), both belonging to the Departamento de Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais, of the Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA) of the Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Areia-PB located In the Brejo Paraibano micro-region. The samples were taken from ten simple 300 g soil samples per property from a depth of up to 20 cm, followed by a zig-zag path, later homogenized and samples composed of about 500 g were totalizing, packed in polyethylene bags. The extraction of the phytonematoids was by the centrifugal flotation method in sucrose solution, as proposed by Jenkins (1964). Subsequently the inverted optical microscope was used for identification at the genus level. Among the ten rural properties sampled, were found the genus Rotylenchulus sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Rotylenchus sp. And Xiphynema sp., Ditylenchus sp. And Meloidogyne sp. In the totality of the samples it is observed that the genus Rotylenchulus sp. Was found in 95.9%, with predominance of the others. Among the remaining 4.1% was divided into 2.4% for the genus Helicotylenchus sp., 1.1% for the genus Meloidogyne sp., 0.4% for the genus Xiphynema sp. And with the lowest value in the order of 0.2% the genus Ditylenchus sp. The genus Rotylenchulus sp. Shows higher frequency in the samples, being widely distributed in the majority of the leafy and tuberous crops of the region, with high population levels.