Biomarcadores relevantes para diagnóstico precoce e prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares.

Abstract

Cardiovasc ular diseases are the major cause of death worldwide . Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process of the blood vessels responsible for the origin of the largest number in morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases . The traditional risk fact ors are insufficient in predicting large proportion of cardiovascular events , requiring to improve the predictive power of these and the discovery of new biomarkers effective . C - reactive protein , homocysteine , fibrinogen , D - dimer , lipoprotein( a), lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 , apolipoprotein AI / apolipoprotein B , natriuretic peptides and myeloperoxidase are biomarkers nontraditional whose predictive power and clinical application are under discuss ion . CRP, homocysteine , Lp (a) Lp - PLA2 and MPO act in pathophysiological mechanisms stimulating the atherogenic and thrombogenic process. The measurement of D - dimer represents the formation and degradation of the fibrin clot in the dynamics of blood coag ulation. Levels of apoB and apoA - I represent effective atherogenic and anti - atherogenic parameters of cardiovascular diseases . Natriuretic peptides act in cardiovascular and renal physiology regulating blood pressure and blood volume . The predictive power of these biomarkers is based on the epidemiology of scientific literature. Significant advance in understanding the mechanisms atherosclerotic occurred , but much should be revealed in the field of epidemiology and pathophysiology towards reducing the damag e caused by cardiovascular diseases in health care