Nível de infestação e controle de cupins de pastagens no município de Areia-PB.

Abstract

Pastures have great territorial importance in Brazil, where it is observed that 70 % of land in the agricultural sector, which constitutes 30% of the national territory is occupied by pastures, these constitute a source of food for many types of herbivores. The termite mound are considered major pests in pastures, because in addition to being distributed in large areas, nests hinder the cultural and aggravate the degradation process. The aim of the study was to determine the level of infestation, identify the genre incident and evaluate control termite mound in pasture areas in the municipality of Areia Paraíba. The assessment of the level of infestation of termites was held in the months of May to September 2013. The survey was carried out based on the cardinal points (north, south, east, west) which were randomly selected 7 properties thus discriminated: north (Sítio Tauá de Mata Limpa); south (Sítio Pau Ferro, area towards Alagoa Grande); east (area towards Pilões); west ( experimental Farm Chã de Jardim, Sítio Cachoeira, Engenho Bujari). In the collections in the sample area of 1 ha adopted the method of counting individual sizing mound area with a tape measure, capturing soldiers and workers and georeferencing with GPS. Later it was determined the area in m2 of the mounds and the average per property. The captured soldiers in termite nests sampled were taken to the Laboratório de Entomologia do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (LEN/CCA/UFPB), where through visual observations under stereoscopic microscope were identified to genus level by comparing morphological and taxonomic key to this end. To assess the mortality of the workers was used six treatments: 1 - control, 2 - Citronella oil (2%) 3 - Cotton oil (2%) 4 - Citronella oil (1%) + conventional insecticide (neonicotenoide); 5 - Cotton oil (1%) + conventional insecticide (neonicotenoide) 6 - conventional insecticide (neonicotenoide) with five replications, totaling thirty experimental units. The genus of termite mound found in sample areas of work in the municipality of Areia Paraíba is Syntermes, presenting an average infestation termite mound than 13 mounds/ha with average total area exceeding 86 m2/ha. Citronella oil applied with or without insecticide reached 100% mortality in workers termite Syntermes sp