Propagação e micropropagação de lisianthus

Abstract

The lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum SHINN) is a species that began to stand economically in Brazil in the 90s. It is an ornamental plant of the family Gentianaceas, native to North America and is grown as a cut flower or in pots. The aim of this study was to test concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) on different substrates to meet potential propagation through leaf cutting lisianthus, test alternative environments to cultivate it in vitro and evaluate the development in acclimatization. The work was developed in the Laboratory of Cell Biology and Plant Tissue Culture, Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba - PB and greenhouse attached to the laboratory. Three experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design - CRD, and the experiment of cutting propagation by leaf obeyed factorial (5x3) and 5 concentrations of IBA (0,0 ppm, 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm and 4000 ppm) in powder and 3 substrates (vermiculite, topsoil, vermiculite and topsoil), has been reported the root length, percentage of live leaves, number of roots and number of live leaves to root. The experiment used micropropagation lisianthus seedlings grown in vitro as a source of explants in factorial (4x5) represented by four culture environments (growing room, laboratory room with artificial light, laboratory room with natural light and greenhouse) and five sucrose concentrations (0,0; 0,5; 10,0; 15,0 and 20,0 mg L-1), with five replicates from the mean of 10 tubes. Has been evaluated the number of explants that emit shoots and number of shoots per explants. The experiment of acclimatization of lisianthus shoots obtained from in vitro culture, tested the induction of in vitro rooting in five IBA concentrations (0,0; 0,2; 0,4; 0,6 and 0,8 mg.L-1) and transferred to vermiculite for acclimatization in greenhouse which assessed the survival rate of seedlings, number of leaves, number of roots, height of shoot and root length , fresh weight and stem diameter. For the experiment leaf cutting it has been found that the concentration of IBA presented better root development was 4000 mg.L-1 being the best vermiculite substrate. E. grandiflorum can be grown under photoautotrophic conditions, but the number of shoots is higher in medium with a concentration of 20 mg.L-1 sucrose. A development had occurred E. grandiflorum in vitro in a greenhouse. The IBA increased the survival rate of plants in the acclimatization of seedlings.