Desenho animado e educação: calça quadrada, cabeça redonda?

Abstract

The thesis presents an analysis of the relation between the contents transmitted by the SpongeBob animated series and the infantile subjectivity formation using the concepts of symbolic representation, internalization and resistance based on Piaget (1978) Vygotsky (2007) and Giroux (1986) respectively. In this investigation sixty-two children, between 03 and 05 years old, took part. They were students from the Basic Education School of the Federal University of Paraíba, enrolled in the morning and afternoon shifts in 2009. The ethnographic research used the direct observation, interviews with the students and dialogues in circle before and after they watched the SpongeBob series video. The data obtained and submitted to analyses indicate that the contents, of the mentioned cartoon, intervened in the subjectivity of the infantile spectators, between 03 and 04 years old, in a proportion higher than in those who were 05 years old. Such interference is demonstrated by the preference of being the main cartoon character, adopting standardized attitudes and behaviors. Nevertheless, this does not prevent the children from adding their own meaning to the cartoon s contents. The thesis still advocates that the school education has the potential to prepare the students as concerns educating them by means of the television media, specifically, the cartoons, through the dialogue and the critical analysis; procedures adopted by the critical pedagogy. We concluded that we should integrate to school the educational studies for the television media as both a pedagogical instrument and a study object so as to promote a critical behavior in the students in regard to the media.