Uma análise evolucionária e pós-keynesiana para o sistema imobiliário americano no período de 1971 a 2011

Abstract

The capitalist world economy has experienced about a dozen serious financial crises in the past forty years, ranging between 1971, when the U.S. government, unilaterally, changes the dollar-gold relationship (which anchored the world payments system) causing the end of the management system of international trade and finance, established in 1944 in Bretton Woods, and the year 2011, when experiencing the unfolding trade, fiscal and economic of international financial crisis began in 2007, also, in USA. The internationalization of the financial system changed substantially the nature and determinants of world economic dynamics. The current financial crisis is, mainly, the crisis of financial globalization, perceived as a tendency to create a global financial market, through the financial deregulation, that allows for increased capital flows between countries. The inability to continue developing the trajectories of the financial paradigm" until late 1960 - real estate financing via savings banks - led to depletion of the financial model, as well as the adoption and generalization of radical innovation that became, in the late 1980s, the new financial paradigm: mortgage securitization. Changes caused by the introduction and proliferation of securitization in the mortgage market have created new financial players that were more suited to the new environment as well as the new logic of accumulation. The recent financial crisis cannot be regarded as a crisis point in a market segment of smaller ones - although growing - which originated in subprime mortgage defaults. This crisis was fomented for decades and corresponds to the natural unfolding of the evolutionary process of the capitalist system development.