Mulheres gestantes e puérperas soropositivas para HIV/AIDS: história oral testemunhal

Abstract

This is a search of qualitative approach, that used the Testemonial Oral History to guide its operation. The objectives of this study was to know the life experiences of pregnant / postpartum women since the discovery of the situation of seropositivity for HIV/AIDS and investigate the strategies of facing and health practices used by these women from the start of the seropositivity situation cycle from pregnancy to postpartum. Was chosen as the scene of this investigation the Lauro Wanderley University Hospital (HULW) of the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) in the city of João Pessoa/PB, because it is a referential hospital for the treatment and monitoring of those pregnant and postpartum women with HIV/AIDS. The research was made in the Obstetrics sector of HULW/UFPB and was developed in three stages: 1) Pre-interview; 2) Interview itself; and, 3) Post-interview. To obtain the results, were used guiding questions. The empirical data were produced from interviews with twelve collaborators and the product of this data was discussed based on interpretative thematic analysis, which subsidized the construction of two big thematic axis, respectively: 1) Experience of seropositivity for HIV/AIDS: the pain, the trauma and the suffering of discovery; and, 2) Condition of seropositivity: the challenge of facing. It was found, during the stages of search, that women in pregnancy and postpartum process are involved of conflicting feelings of life and death, joy and sorrow, fear and certainty. Based on these data, was observed that the practices of contamination for seropositivity for HIV/AIDS are still unknown; the discovery, in most of times, is only detected in routine tests during prenatal care, and the health team need to review educational practices that are passed on to the population, especially, in this group, women and their families. Therefore, this study is of great importance for the attempt to comprehend the experiences of life of pregnant and postpartum seropositive women for HIV/AIDS in a way that happens the expansion in investigations of facing of these women on the discussion and clarification of their doubts and prospects when confronted with the discovering of the positive test.