Sensor inteligente e energeticamente autônomo para medição de velocidade do vento

Abstract

This work is in the context of distributed micro-generation through the use of wind power in urban areas. Generally, the installation of wind power generation systems is preceded by an analysis of the potential generation. From a study of methods and technologies for monitoring the wind velocity, it was decided to develop a monitoring system formed by a network of 10 sensor nodes capable of recovering energy from the environment for its operation, avoiding the need for batteries or connection to the power network. Each sensor node is comprised of a micro-turbine that feeds a DC generator, and an RF transceiver for sending data to a processing center. While providing a voltage dependent on wind speed, the set micro-turbine generator provides the energy necessary for the operation of the transceiver. The performance of the prototype was evaluated by means of a wind tunnel developed during the work. The system included a data acquisition board with microcontroller to measure the voltage at the output of the generator (in different load conditions), a reference anemometer to measure the wind speed in the tunnel, and a computer for acquisition and processing of the experimental data. The developed sensor node is able to operate with speeds greater than 3.5 m/s, threshold near the operating threshold of wind turbines for distributed generation wind (3.0 m/s). Keywords: Wind Micro-turbine, Monitoring Wind Speed, Sensor Node.