Modelagem de arquibancada temporária visando investigação de problemas de vibração devido à movimentação de espectadores

Abstract

Temporary grandstands are structures subjected to dynamic loading. This is mainly due to the type of use they are subjected. Vibration problems were detected in these structures and occurrences of accidents have been reported. In this sense, it is necessary to study and identify dynamic characteristics of grandstand components, in order to develop numerical models that can be used for a better understanding of issues linked to comfort and safety of these structures. The numerical model of this type of structure for vibration analysis enables the design to be analyzed with respect to natural frequencies and mode shapes of the structure, avoiding possible effects of resonance with the excitation due to the public. The objective is to develop and adjust numerical models of a temporary grandstand for the characterization of numerical-experimental behaviour in relation to natural frequencies. A temporary grandstand with a capacity of about 96 people was assembled in the laboratory. Previous studies of structural components are used and supplemented with tests and numerical modeling. Modal tests were performed to characterize the structure and calibrate the numerical models. Such models were developed with different degrees of refinement in order to obtain a comparison of the effect of simplifications while modeling the structure. The study provides knowledge about the development of more accurate numerical models of this type of structure, enabling diagnostic of dynamic behavior in use, with guidelines on the level of refinement that should be adopted to model this type of structure.