O liberalismo em pernambuco: as metamorfoses políticas de uma época (1800 - 1825)

Abstract

It is the central theme of this research analysis of changes in liberal ideas and attitudes in Pernambuco, in the first half of the century XIX. In the period, the liberal ideas penetrated, influence, spread and amalgamate, showing up in "public" institutions or spaces that was formed in the captaincy/province and materialized in conspiracies and movements of rebellions / revolutions occurring in Pernambuco in 1801, 1817, 1821 and 1824, against the established power first against Lisbon and after against Rio de Janeiro. The Brazil (Colony/Nation) and Pernambuco in particular passed by influences profound (liberal ideas/Enlightenment and others) and transformations, living moments of transition (colony pact, headquarters of the Portuguese Government, the United Kingdom and Independent Brazil) with intense socioeconomic and cultural political changes. These are the circumstances in which the topic under study. The study of this dissertation, more than concern themselves liberal social movements, investigates the ideas that guided and fed - designed as a standalone phenomena (political representation of the population) which are independent of their materialization in revolutionary movements. The research is based on the Habermas s categories as instruments of analysis and research to capture the presence of liberal ideas or liberal ideas/Enlightenment that influenced and created new spaces for socialization, movement of information and exchanges of experience, knowledge, ideas and values. Formal and non-formal spaces (here generically called institutions), which have been turned into public spaces or in the Habermas sense of construction of public spheres of participation (thus creating the citizen), the sphere of the Absolutist State (of fidelity of subject) of the Old Regime. We assumption that liberal ideas were, initially, represented and disseminated by the economically dominant layers (rural aristocracy), and then with the development of urban areas at least in the towns and/or port cities due to trade are being defended by the middle segments of society. Our study, therefore, took as the basic reference period between the Conspiracy of Suassuna (1801), the first form of expression of these ideas, by the Confederação of Equador (1824), republican movement of real importance to the liberal ideas in Pernambuco in XIX century.