Violência de jovens na região semiárida brasileira: a dialogicidade entre as condições de vida e a mortalidade por agressões

Abstract

The violence understood as a result, among other causes, of social inequalities, became not only a problem for social security, but also a public health problem of major proportions in the contemporary world, particularly for the young people in countries like Brazil. The Brazilian Semiarid region is the world's largest in terms of population density and extension with 22 million inhabitants in 2010. Thus, an ecological study addressing the mortality by Aggression for 137 Microregions of the Brazilian Semiarid, to young males, in the year 2010 was performed. The data sources used were extracted from the Mortality Information System of the Ministry of Health, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, and the United Nations Program for Development. Two indicators were calculated for each Microregion: standardized mortality rates by violence and an indicator named Reducible Gaps of Mortality, equal to attributable risk. We investigated the correlation between standardized mortality rates and a set of 154 indicators that express living conditions. 18 of them were considered as significant. By means of the multivariate technique Factor Analysis the construction of a Synthetic Indicator was performed, which was categorized in four strata reflecting different living conditions. The results showed that Microregions with high values of mortality rates by Agressions were present in all strata, thus contradicting some studies linking high rates of mortality due to Aggression to low condition of life. The study allowed us to raise issues, and generate a database to support managers to identify the most vulnerable regions. Thus contribute to the decision making process to support the development and implementation of more efficient rational public policies to combat mortality by violence of the Brazilian Semiarid population.