Densidade de mastócitos em lesões de queilite actínica.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the density of mast cells in the lesions of actinic cheilitis and its correlation with the processes of inflammation and epithelial dysplasia. We selected 33 cases of actinic cheilitis recorded in the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Dr. Laureano Napoleon, PB. The paraffin blocks were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and toluidine blue. The count of mast cells was performed in 8 fields per case and final reading with the average value expressed. Analysis was descriptive and inferential statistics, and tests were applied to the Mann-Whitney U, Kuskall-Wallis test, chi-square and Spearman coefficient, considering p <0.05. Of the total sample, 57.6% had some degree of epithelial dysplasia, mild dysplasia was 39.4%, 15.2% moderate and 3% severe. In 21.2% of the sample was observed squamous cell carcinoma of the lip. The presence of solar elastosis was observed in 81.8% and some degree of inflammation in 84.9%, as well as 39.4% mild, 15.2% moderate and 30.3% intense. Mast cells were present in 87,8% of cases. The average number of mast cells in specimens of actinic cheilitis was 17.42 ± 10.43 cells / &#956;m² and normal mucosa 1.78 ± 1.64 cells / &#956;m², and this difference was statistically significant (p <0.001). The density of mast cells was significantly higher in cancer cases with p = 0.001. There was a statistically significant correlation between the density of mast cells and the processes of dysplasia (p = 0.004) and inflammatory cell infiltration (p = 0.000) and between epithelial dysplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration (p = 0.002). The increased density of mast cells suggests a possible role of these cells in the malignant transformation of the lesion.