Novas Perspectivas da Glicerina Síntese de Novos Nitratos com Propriedades Farmacológicas e Melhoradores de Cetano

Abstract

The major purposes for the production and use of biodiesels are environmental, social and economic benefits. However the production of 90 cubic meters of biodiesel generates about 10 cubic meters of glycerin, so partial or total replacement of diesel by biodiesel can because of glycerin generate a lot of problems. A great surplus (without market), could force the devaluation of its price, and glycerin factories losing competitiveness might be forced to close down. However the world is in a race to develop new processes and add new technologies for the rational use of bio-fuel co-products like glycerin. This study obtained "New Materials" by using glycerin with applicability to biology, diesel fuels, and bio-fuels with cetane improvers. We obtained five organic nitrates characterized as 2-nitrate-1,3-diethoxypropane (NDM); 2-nitrate-1,3- dimethoxypropane (NDE); 2-nitrate-1,3-dipropoxypropano (NDP); 2-nitrate-1.3-dibutoxypropano (NDB) and (+/-)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3- dioxolan-4-metilnitrato (nitrate solketal - NSKT). pharmacological evaluation showed that the nitrates of diesters have hypotensive activity on the cardiovascular system revealing NDB as the compound that showed greater potency and effectiveness against the vasorelaxant effect in the superior mesenteric artery isolated from rats in the order of 115.58 ± 5.59. The nitrate solketal ((+/-)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-metilnitrato) (NSKT) was tested as a cetane improver for biodiesel so as to obtain a new low cetane bio-fuel. The addition of NSKT 7% to ethanol, formed a low cetane fuel capable of operating diesel engines.