Oralidade em sala de aula para além dos gêneros informais: uma proposta interventiva com o gênero debate de opinião

Abstract

This paper is a research, interventionist and applied, involving formal oral genres, which culminated in an opinion debate with students from 9th grade of a public school in Joao Pessoa (PB) on "Marijuana: Keep prohibition or decriminalize?". We assume that orality, particularly in formal situations, it is forgotten by the school, which compromises the integral formation of Portuguese-speaking students and therefore should be encouraged in the classroom. The main purpose of the procedure was equip students for responsible and critic production of oral texts, especially in the formal mode, teaching them to use the language in an appropriate manner, in all contexts. As an intervention parameter, we rely (with adjustments) in the model of didactic sequence by Dolz, Noverraz and Schneuwly (2004), taking into account strategies that enable students to understand and produce texts appropriate to the genre in question, considering its style, subject content and compositional structure (Bakhtin, 1997) and also had developed his argumentative skills. As theoretical support, we resort to Antunes (2003), Reyzábal (1999), Koch (2011) and Marcuschi (1997, 2007, 2010), that supported us in the understanding of oral language, reading, writing, oral genres and debate. Besides Preti (2004) and Ramos (1997), which contributed to the study of linguistic register and formal oral genres and Ribeiro (2009); Fiorin (2015) and Piglet (2011), dealing with concepts of argument, counter-argument and argumentative resources. Our analysis was based on comparing the first production (the theme homophobia) and the latter considered the work developed during the modules. It was possible to detect advances as the characterization by students of the genre of opinion debate, from the articulation of its three constituent elements and the formulation of points of linguistic view, semantics and articulated arguably, with the use of resources as the exemplification, the exposure facts and transitivity. At the end, we present a suggested teaching sequence on the gender opinion debate, based on our practice of the classroom.