Estudo fitoquímico das folhas e caules de piper arboreum aublet (piperacae)

Abstract

The genus Piper is the largest the family Piperaceae, its species are distributed especially in neotropical region of the globe. The phytochemical research of Piper species originated numerous scientific papers in many parts of the world, which led to the isolation of many bioactive compounds such as kavalactones, lignoids, chromones, flavonoids and chalcones, terpenes, steroids, prenylated benzoic acids, aristolactams, phenylpropanoids and amides. Piper arboreum is an erect shrub with about 4.0 meters high. It is popularly known as “fruto de morcego”, “alecrim-de-Angola”, “pau-de-Angola” or “beto-preto” and used in Brazil, in the form of decoction for the treatment of rheumatism, bronchitis, flu and colds and used against venereal and urinary tract diseases. This work reports the phytochemical study of the leaves and stem of P. arboreum Aublet. Using usual chromatographic methods and spectroscopic techniques of IR, MS, 1H and 13C NMR and comparison with the literature data it was possible to isolate and identify from the leaves and stem of Piper arboreum, a mixture of steroids: β-sitosterol and stigmasterol, four aristolactams: Piperolactam A, Piperolactam B, Piperolactam C and Cefaronone B, three phenylpropanoids: 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-propanoic acid, 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-propanoic acid and 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl-propanoic acid and three amides: Arboreumine, N-(12,14-dimethoxy-13-hydroxydihydrocinamoil)-3-pyridin-2-one and N-[12-(15,16-methylenedioxyphenyl)-8( E),10 (E) -heptadienoil-pyrrolidine. The last two compounds are being reported for the first time in the literature.