Políticas de Inclusão na Educação Superior: acesso e permanência de pessoas com deficiência na UFPB

Abstract

This paper deals with the theme Inclusion Policies in Higher Education aimed at the inclusion of students with disabilities in the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) and intends to analyze the contributions of policies for access and stay in higher courses of the Center for Communication and Tourism and Arts (CCTA). In order to reach the specific objectives, we have discussed about the paradigm of inclusion and its relation in the educational context, about the demands for policies included in the world context and we have described the phases that influenced the process of recognition and schooling of people with disabilities, until the entry into higher education. Besides, we have presented a debate about the inclusion of people with disabilities in higher education, in the context of the publications of the Brazilian Journal of Special Education (RBEE) and studies of the Postgraduate Program in Education (PPGE / UFPB), from 2012 to 2016. We have related the national policies of inclusion of higher education with the policies developed by the UFPB, especially those directed to people with disabilities. Finally, we have identified who are and what the students have said about the students with disabilities enrolled in CCTA higher education courses on the inclusion process. Regarding the methodology, it was used the qualitative approach, a descriptive, documental and bibliographical research, with semi-structured interviews. We have applied four research tools, using data analysis guidelines (BARDIN, 2006) for the analysis of data, in order to identify subjects' comprehension about inclusion and accessibility, as well as inclusive policies and strategies used in the institution that can promote the access and the permanence of the students with disabilities in the superior courses of the CCTA. The subjects of the research were students with disabilities enrolled in higher courses of the CCTA - main protagonists -, the coordinator of the Committee for Inclusion of Accessibility (CIA) - special counsel responsible for the Institutional Policy for Inclusion and Accessibility - supporting students linked to the Support Program The Student with Disabilities (PAED / CIA), the CCTA's servers and the coordinator of the institutional policy of inclusion and accessibility. Based on the analysis of the data, especially the information from the interviews with the subjects, we have infered that the inclusive policies of higher education have contributed to the access and permanence of people with disabilities in the CCTA / UFPB, notably through the access / by the Include Program and the PNAES, under the responsibility of the CIA. However, also according to data collection, we have seen that the process of inclusion of students with disabilities in the institution needs to overcome many challenges, especially regarding the lack of server training to enable attitudinal and pedagogical strategies; the limitations in the communication and information systems, especially in the deficiency of the physical / architectural structure, which is eminently institutional. Thus, it is the responsibility of the institution – made up of different managers, sectors, people and professionals – to consider the demands and propositions highlighted by the research subjects and to assume the ethical and political commitment to respond to the demands of diversity presented in this scope, restructuring and revising their inclusive policies.