Ajuda humanitária em conflitos armados: o caso do cerco de Aleppo

Abstract

This monograph examines how Humanitarian Aid was set up in Aleppo in the year 2016. In order to understand how it was done, first the contextualization of the Syrian conflict is made to evidence how the country and the city of Aleppo turned in a scenario of humanitarian crisis. For this, is discussed the emergence of the Syrian state, its ethnic complexity and the popular dissatisfactions that would later lead to various demonstrations throughout the country. Subsequently, the conflict would become a Civil War, in which several actors participate and seek to guarantee their interests. A part of these actors, including part of the population, wants the withdrawal of President Bashar al-Assad, however, the president also receives support from actors who desire his permanence. The second part of the monograph focuses on what is what is Humanitarian Aid and what are the main actors involved in this action, in addition to pointing out in which situations help can happen and what is provided to civilians. At this point, the evolution of humanitarianism and its connection with Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law is evidenced. After the discussion on the context of the conflict and the definition of humanitarian aid is exposed the assistance held in Aleppo in the year 2016 by three organizations, they are the Red Cross, in partnership with the Syrian Arab Red Crescent, Doctors without Borders and White Helmets, a group that emerged during the conflict. In its closure, in addition to discussing the data that have been raised, it is also addressed what has not been deepened.