Qualidade de vida no trabalho: uma análise exploratória da percepção dos trabalhadores do campo e do chão de fábrica em uma destilaria de álcool

Abstract

Quality of worker’s life is an old man’s concern who has gradually evolved with the incorporation of new technologies to the productive processes, because of this there is also the need of adaptation of the man to the new organizational scenarios. In this context QWL has been a solid and forward-thinking path to an integrated and innovative life in organizations. This dissertation focuses on this issue when analyzing the QWL in an alcohol distillery located in Santa Rita city, Paraíba state. In order to do so, the criteria included include an adaptation of the models of Walton (1973), Salles and Federighi (2006), Limongi-França (2005), Hackman and Oldham (1975), Belanger (1973) and Gonçalves (1998), a total of fourteen dimensions, which aggregate QWL related issues. The environment observation was done in general and two questionnaires were used, one directed to work in the field, containing 38 questions and the other one for the production work on the factory floor, with 36 questions.Data analyzes techniques are based on descriptive analysis and factorial analysis. In the descriptive analysis for the field workers, the variables with perception deal with the difficulty of the work’s execution and acquisition of knowledge. For workers on the factory floor, the variables listed with negative repercussions were: job recognition; work interference in personal life; activities to improve quality of life; remuneration compatibility; involvement in decision-making; actions aimed at the well-being and health; anti-smoking support groups, alcoholism, drugs and various neuroses; guidance for healthy eating and feedback. The better evaluated dimensions in both contexts were: working conditions, social integration in the organization, constitutionalism, social relevance of life at work, boss-employee relationship, biological and technology. Through the factorial analysis of the field data, it was possible to find 4 factors with a total explained variance of 90.440%, where the greatest contribution was factor 1, with 67.066%. For the analysis of the data of the factory floor were found 9 factors with total explained variance of 67.148%, where the largest contribution was also of factor 1, with 31.608%. The alpha value of cronbach reached 0.974 and 0.926 for the field and the factory floor respectively, thus indicating a high reliability of the research instrument. Based on everything that was raised and elucidated in this work, it can be concluded that the QWL in the Distillery is positively perceived by the workers of both contexts, mainly in the aspects related to the working conditions, social integration in the organization, constitutionalism, relevance Social life at work, boss-employee relationship, and biological technology.