Coabitar: proposta de moradia compartilhada no centro de joão pessoa

Abstract

Among the crises experienced in the 21st century, the issue of housing is at the same time within an economic, social and environmental context. The proposition of new ways of living, which would make housing more accessible, inclusive and sustainable, is therefore a key point to allow a simultaneous solution to many problems at the same time. There has been an increase in popularity of solutions based on house sharing among unrelated residents, in which environments such as kitchens, living rooms, work rooms and bathrooms are collectivized, and private spaces are reduced. It is a way of reducing the use of non-renewable resources (such as water and energy), as well as a way to promote the connection between individuals and a greater sense of community, which thus creates a greater potential for awareness and political action. Architecturally, these spaces are also more likely to have a smarter design, with building systems for gray and rainwater reuse, community gardens and renewable energy. In Europe and in the United States, these homes are commonly materialized in Co-living’s or Co-housing’s, which differ mainly in the aspect of the initiative that drives them (private in the frst case, and community in the second). Since each of these models has potentialities and limitations, this paper applies a concept, here called Cohabitation, that mixes aspects of both systems, in a way that allows accessible and mainly socially mixed housing - since there is no way we can ignore the urgent need for housing for the low-income population in Brazil. Also, it is necessary to consider the abandonment of buildings that already have adequate structure to meet such needs, and which remain neglected by the public power. This work proposes, therefore, the adaptation of a building in the Center of João Pessoa (that is, the old IPASE building) to a socially mixed cohabitation system, whose operating model will be explained. With the greater concern of promoting adjustments, and not only of respecting consolidated codes of architectural patrimony rehabilitation, this work intends to give the city a new approach to the matter of housing, considering local peculiarities