Análise da capacidade de infiltração de água dos solos ao longo da encosta na sub-bacia do riacho do tigre - PB

Abstract

Normally, the northeastern semiarid is seen as a dry region, which offers low conditions of life to the population. However, despite the semiarid climate and the rain scarcity, there is a heterogeneity of landscapes or environments within the northeastern semiarid, which is distinguished by natural characteristics of relief, altitude and land use and occupation. These characteristics require more detailed studies and environmental management, to be treated according to their real environmental potentialities. The study area corresponds to Riacho do Tigre hydrographic Sub – Basin, which is located in the municipality of São João do Tigre – PB, geographically limited by coordinates 08º 04 '45 "S and 36º 50' 52 W, has an area of 816,116 km² (IBGE - Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical capacity of soils, in order to understand the potential of the soils found in the study area, and how the results of this analysis can be applied to the zoning. The methodologies used to the execution of the work are part proposed by IBGE and EMBRAPA in the respective Manual of Pedology and Brazilian Soil Classification System. Another part of the methodology is proposed by Ruiz (2006). Besides the field activities for data collection, informations were acquired through remote sensing. After the analysis and results unions, the profiles that presented the Cambissolos indicated better hydraulic conductivity in relation to the Neossolos, however, the difference of capacity was minimal between them. All the classifications found were identified according to the literature. According to the results obtained, the texture and porosity were considered as the main conditioning factors of the soil infiltration capacity.