Lesões potencialmente malignas em pacientes com fatores de risco.

Abstract

Introduction: Potentially Malignant Oral Lesions (PMOL) have a greater chance of malignant transformation, compared to normal tissue. Objective: to conduct a study on the prevalence of LBPM in patients with risk factors for oral cancer, treated in the Unified Health System (SUS). Materials and Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with SUS users, where people with a risk factor for mouth cancer (n = 80) were selected, and 52 people composed the sample. A home visit, interview and clinical examination of the lips and buccal mucosa were conducted out in all individuals of the sample. A descriptive statistical analysis of the data was performed. Results: 61.5% of the individuals were female and the mean age was 60.7 ± 12.8 years. In 57.7% they were white, 26% were illiterate and 65.4% had elementary education. In 32.7% were farmers and 13.7% were professionals in the area related to construction. In 36.54% they were smokers and in 46.1% excessive exposure to solar radiation. Among those with LBPM 76% were smokers or ex-smokers. Of the 16 lesions diagnosed, 81.2% (13) were LBPM, with actinic cheilitis being 84.6% (13), leukoplakia and erythroplakia being 7.7% each. Conclusions: The results showed that in the studied sample, individuals with risk factors for oral cancer had a high prevalence of LBPM, were predominantly middle-aged women(but the majority presenting LBPM were men), white, with low educational level, smokers and with excessive exposure to Sun rays. The sample hadmore women because of their reluctance the men to participate in the survey.