O livro didático como indicador de uma cultura escolar: uma análise da obra “os estados da república” de Sebastião Paraná

Abstract

The research seeks to understand how methodology was discussed in textbooks of geography published in Brazil during the Primeira República (1889- 1930). We believe this period includes major political and also educational clashes, which were crucial for the teaching of geography, and was these aspects that guided us to choice Primeira República as our time frame. In order to realize our goal we analyze the work “Os Estados ad Republica”, by Sebastião Paraná, aiming to evidence methodological issues, as well as ideological discourses present in the content. For that, we turn to scientific literature addressed to the history of school subjects as a theoretical perspective. From this perspective we consider that the students knowledge have some autonomy in relation to the knowledge produced in the universities; this first kind of knowledge is determined by the several disciplines contained in the school curriculum, a "school culture" product. Thus, knowing the importance of discussing issues that may demystify the process of building the history of education field, we developed a work that recognizes the importance of textbooks for that field, pointing out the centrality exerted by the textbook in school life.