Produção da moradia popular e a realidade urbana: uma análise a partir do Residencial Irmã Dulce- João Pessoa/PB

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze housing production and urban sprawl for the southern zone of João Pessoa / PB. In our research, seeking to understand such expansion was chosen as an object of study the Residencial Irmã Dulce, a project of the My House My Life Program (PMCMV), aimed at low-income families (Strip 1), which is located in Gramame, a neighborhood peripheral area of southern João Pessoa. Initially we made some notes about the importance of housing and the process of urbanization, is also made a historical rescu e of the main Brazilian Housing Policies. Secondly, we analyze Residencial Irmã Dulce, based on the observation and speech of the residents, thus showing the living and housing conditions of the Residencial's population. The methodological procedures used were: bibliographic survey, fieldwork, conversations with residents, analysis of news sites and reports that highlighted the neighborhood Gramame and Residencial Irmã Dulce. Thinking about the issue of housing today in our society is an urgent necessity, because this right guaranteed in the constitution is neglected throughout history in the most diverse ways, thus culminating in current housing conditions. The strong presence of private capital in housing production implies the reduction of housing to a simple commodity, with a very high price, thus making it difficult or impossible to access housing for the poorest through the formal housing market.Through this research it was possible to notice that in the city of João Pessoa several of PMCMV's Strip 1 projects (up to 3 minimum wages) are located in peripheral areas of the city, as is the case of Gramame neighborhood where a total of 4 buildings were built. PMCMV housing developments, which are intended for income bracket 1. From the survey conducted at Residencial Irmã Dulce, it can be seen that the Residential has undergone some changes in several of its residential units such as: the garages were converted into small commercial establishments (bakery, hairdresser, churches, etc.); walls were built around the apartments; There were some changes in the standard of the apartments themselves (construction of balconies on the first floor; in the common ground floor space were built service areas and enlargement of the kitchen, etc.); and near the Residential there is still a lack of equipment and services. The spaces close to the Residential are being targeted by several private sector ventures, so we see the morphology of the Gramame neighborhood changing. These PMCMV Residentials point to the production of a certain way of using the city that reveals segregation and, at the same time, imposing a logic of spatial production in which the periphery also becomes a strategic space for private capital investment.