Avaliação das impurezas na cana-de-açúcar a partir das formas de colheita.

Abstract

Sugar cane is a product of great importance for the Brazilian agribusiness that generates economy, jobs, innovation, technology and I dare say that it contributes significantly to the economy of the country. Sugar cane can produce sugar, cachaça, ethanol, energy and various other products. With population growth and the quest for sustainable development, there is a growing need for technological sources that increase productivity per acre as well as a "cleaner" environmentally speaking product; and raise product quality and yield. Nowadays we have the harvest of the cane burned and the harvest in the mechanized system of raw cane that is intensifying, aiming the elimination of the harvest by the burning method that generates greenhouse gases and degrades the soil, even knowing that in the cane cycle the CO² is reabsorbed in the growth of flat. In this work, the influence of sugarcane harvesting types, the quality of the raw material obtained from the manual and mechanized cuts as well as the consequences in the productive process were evaluated. The impurities brought by each, generate income losses and the equipment wear, in addition to the excessive consumption of inputs for the treatment of the broth generated by the processed raw material. It was possible to prove together with the literature that the mechanized harvest brings a lower percentage of total impurities with respect to manual harvesting which is influenced by the drag of impurities during the loading of the trucks. Although mechanized harvesting generates some inconveniences such as the need to adapt its machines and unemployment, it considerably improves the protection and care of the environment, the protection of the soil and the quality of life of the population, and these inconveniences can be repaired with better adaptation of the machinery and re-education of harvester operators, and new opportunities for training and employment may arise, such as the reuse of the raw material that remains in the field as a source of income.