Componentes de rendimento de cultivares de feijão macassar no brejo paraibano.

Abstract

The production of cowpea beans (Vigna unguiculata) in Brazil is happening especially in the first and Second harvest in the north, Northeast and Midwest regions. The crop is expanding mainly in the Cerrado regions, in the period of Safrinha, mainly due to precocity and tolerance to water deficit in relation to other crops. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the adaptation of five macassar cultivars in Brejo Paraibano region under dry conditions and competition. The study was conducted at the Federal University of Paraíba – UFPB, Areia-PB (CCA, Campus II), in which it is located in the microregion of Brejo Paraibano, with latitude 6 ° 58 ' 13 ' ' S, longitude 35 ° 43 ' 95 ' ' W and an altitude of 620 m. The experimental area consisted of 4 replications, using a randomized block design (GRBD), with 5 treatments, consisting of five cultivars: BRS Pajeú (PJ), Sempre Verde (MR), Riso-do-Ano (RA), Verde-ligeiro (VL) e Corujinha (CR). The experimental plot consisted of 4 lines of 5m length and 2 m wide with a total area of the plot of 10 m², the spacing adopted was 0.20 m between plants and 0.60 m between lines, constituting the plant density of 83,333 plants/ha. The useful area will be, 3 m2 consisting of the two central lines. In each plot were selected and marked 10 plants within the useful area for the realization of biometric assessments, Among the agronomic characteristics of the culture analyzed are: Pods size, number of pods, Width of pods, weight of pods. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, with a statistical program Sisvar submitted to Tukey's test set at 5% probability. For the MR genotype, the variable number of grains per pod showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) showing significant increment. The number of grains per pod obtained with the MR cultivars does not contribute to obtaining higher yields of grain weight. For the VL genotype, the behavior was similar to the MR for the variable number of grains per pod, showing greater increments among the other genotypes where they present the same growth habit. The choice of bean cultivars with greater competitive potential among themselves is a simple practice that can improve the management in cultivation areas, without causing any additional cost and that the genotypes Maratoan and Verde-ligeiro showed better results for the tested variables.