Desempenho atlético de cavalos de vaquejada: parâmetros fisiológicos, bioquímicos e hematológicos

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of Quarter Horse horses at different moments of a vaquejada simulation test. Five Quarter Horses were used with the puller function in the vaquejada mode, with ages ranging from 4 to 7 years; Average weight of 450 kg and body score 3.0. Three races were performed at a distance of 75 meters / each, with intervals of 2 minutes and an average speed of 13.5 km / h. Heart rate, respiratory rate and rectal temperature were recorded. Concentrations of glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), albumin, total plasma protein, hematocrit, leukocytes, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium were determined. The experimental design was in randomized blocks; The animals were the blocks and the treatments were the moments of blood collection (rest, immediately after the test (end of the third race), 5, 20 and 50 minutes after the test). Scott-Knott's test was used to evaluate the data obtained (P <0.05). The heart rate rose; The respiratory rate presented statistical difference immediately after the test and began to decline at 5 minutes. In the present study there was no change for the variable blood glucose at the times evaluated. The values for the enzymatic concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase increased. In the case of the enzyme creatine kinase, this did not present statistical difference in the evaluated times. Differences in lactate dehydrogenase concentrations were recorded during the vaquejada simulation. In this work, the albumin variable remained elevated immediately after the simulation and then declined. The total proteins variable remained elevated only at the second collection time. For the hematocrit variable its highest point was found shortly after the test. The leukocytes did not present statistical difference. Calcium and serum magnesium did not present statistical differences. The level of serum phosphate varied, resulting in a statistical difference. The animals evaluated in this work are able to compete in the vaquejada tests.