As violações de direitos humanos na MONUC e a atuação do Alto Comissariado das Nações Unidas para Direitos Humanos

Abstract

The impacts of the end of World War II required the creation of organizations to avoid, at least, the occurrence of new wars, the UN is an example of this. From the 1970s, international relations theorists turned to the study of international regimes and human rights marked the beginning of the consideration of individuals in the international environment. Because of the Cold War conflicts, the UN has carried out missions to mediate friction issues. These missions began with ad hoc character, were the peacekeeping operations. With time, they developed, with more institutional bureaucratic body and differentiation among themselves, then the operations: Peace enforcement, Peacemaking and Peacekeeping. The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights was thinking together with the proposal to create the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, but was only established in 1993. As far as peace operations are concerned, OHCHR's participation has the objective of humanizing the missions, which from the outset have constantly denounced abuses and human rights violations in their action dynamics. The United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) is the focus of study in this work, due to the high number of human rights violations. This favors the analysis of human rights instruments in the dynamics of this mission. This paper seeks to present the OHCHR participation in cases of human rights violations in MONUC. To this end, we seek to present theoretical views on international human rights regimes, as well as a brief presentation of OHCHR. In addition, we go through the institutional framework of peace operations, introducing their context in the case of MONUC.