Tratamento ortodôntico de pacientes com agenesia de incisivos laterais superiores

Abstract

The "agenesis" term is attributed to non-development of one or more teeth – up to six. Genetics and inheritance are the main etiological factors of dental anomalies, especially agenesis. The most affected elements are the third molars often followed by lower premolars, maxillary lateral incisors and upper premolars. The treatment of dental agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors may consist in closing the space by orthodontic movement added to a new anatomy form of the canine and the first premolar. Another option of treatment is preserving the space for eventual manufacturing of prosthesis on top of implants - it is essential that the craniofacial development has been totally completed. The aim of this study is elucidate, according to literature review, treatment options for dental agenesis of upper lateral incisors, the advantages and disadvantages of the treatments, the circumstances that influence the choice and the best age to start the treatment. According to the authors, factors that influence the treatment choice such as upper crowding, size of the canine and premolars and malocclusion should be analyzed. The best stage to start an orthodontic treatment varies between mixed and permanent dentition. The space closure has the stability and biological compatibility advantage of the final results, and as disadvantage the difficulty in obtaining an occlusal adjustment. The space preservation has the advantage of an ideal intercuspation of the canine up to the first molar, and as disadvantage the demand of waiting until the end of the craniofacial growth for performing implants.