Os afro-brasileiros nas imagens dos livros didáticos de história do 4º e 5º ano do ensino fundamental I

Abstract

The images in the history textbooks show memories, lexical expressions and the historicity of the African peoples. The textbook is a valuable methodological resource for the teachinglearning process. The objective of this study is to understand how Afro-Brazilians are presented in the images of the 4th and 5th year history textbook of Elementary School I. In this itinerary, the research presents the history of the textbook in the document of the National Book Plan Didactic (PNLD), with emphasis on the trajectory and change between the twentieth century until contemporary times, as well as pointing out the complexity that involves the elaboration of the history textbook in Brazil. Discusses and problematizes Afrocentricity as another possibility of reading led by the African and his descendants. The study receives theoretical contributions from the Afrocentricity approach, mainly from Asante (2008), and from other authors: Bittencourt (2004), Aumont (1993), Joly (1996). Methodologically, the investigation is guided by exploratory, bibliographic and documentary research, with a qualitative approach, conceiving the textbook as a research document. It is considered that even with some advances, only recently did history textbooks present African peoples as the result of struggles of the black movement, these investigated books still contribute and reproduce the dissemination of stereotypes, “passivity” and the depreciation of Afro-Brazilians. Brazilians in the images discussed. As a result, the images still report a Eurocentric approach, as it perpetuates the remains of a historical and social construct of white subjects.