Avaliação nutricional, de consumo alimentar e de saúde de idosos portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 não institucionalizados.

Abstract

Introduction: Aging is a natural process that causes progressive loss in functional capacity and metabolic changes. The frequent growth of chronic diseases in the elderly population and the difficulties surrounding its control are factors that hinder the adequate nutritional status in the elderly. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of diseases whose main characteristic is the high concentration of glucose in the bloodstream. DM contributes to a high increase in morbidity and mortality rates due to its high prevalence and the impact that the disease can cause the patient. Objective: Evaluate the nutritional state, food consumption and the elderly patient's health with diabetes mellitus non-institutionalized. Methodology: Transversal and quantitative study with collection of primary data. The study population consisted of 30 elderly individuals of both sexes, type 2 diabetics treated at the clinic nutrition on University Hospital Lauro Wanderley (HULW). To collect the information we used a clinical form with anthropometric data (weight, height and waist circumference) to measure the Body Mass Index (BMI), for evaluate the food consumption was utilized the food Recall 24 hours (24HR), and blood glucose meter to gauge fasting glucose and a digital device for blood pressure measurement. Result and discussion: It was observed that of the 30 elderly involved in the research, 53.3% were women and 46.7% men, mean age 65.3 ± 4.75 years. Besides DM2, 80% of the individuals had other diseases, among which the most frequent was hypertension (63.3%). The mean BMI was 28.73 ± 4.75 kg / m² in men and 29.83 ± 4.58 kg / m² in women, especially overweight, 60% of respondents aged. The mean waist circumference was 101.72 ± 8.15 cm and 101.91 ± 6.0 cm, respectively, in men and women, which shows high cardiovascular risk. The fasting plasma glucose showed that 75% of women and 57% of men found themselves hyperglycemic. Blood pressure is found elevated in 13% of women and 36% of men. Dietary intake in most individuals consisted of diet with normal carbohydrate, normal protein and normal lipid. The lipid profile of the diet showed is above the adequate for saturated fat and cholesterol. Regarding micronutrients, fat-soluble vitamins and copper it is presented below recommended levels for all individuals. Besides these, other micronutrients such as calcium, vitamin C and vitamin B5 below were also adequate for most participants. Conclusion: The most elderly were overweight, and women a very increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The diet of these individuals characterized by being normal carbohydrate, high protein and normal lipid. With an adequate intake of micronutrients for most, but an inadequacy the entire sample in the consumption of fatsoluble vitamins. Thus, it is clear that such studies are important to provide data to a dietary advice directed to the reality of these individuals.