Governos subnacionais brasileiros na governança do clima: oportunidades e desafios para a internalização do regime de mudanças climáticas

Abstract

This research aimed to verify how the participation of Brazilian subnational governments in the governance of climate change occurs and how the actions of mitigation and adaptation to climate change are internalized by these actors through the analysis of subnational legislation on this subject. The focus on subnational governments is justified by the role given to these actors in internalizing the agreed international commitments on climate and because they are the ultimate responsible in the local implementation of climate change mitigation and adaptation policies. In order to verify the participation of Brazilian subnational governments and the actions employed by them in mitigating climate change, a literature review was firstly carried out on the theme of multilevel governance and Brazilian participation in the climate change regime; local and national laws were also analyzed in order to understand the process of internalizing mitigation actions. In this way, we sought to understand the global governance structure in the context of climate change and how subnational governments are inserted in this governance. The research concluded that there have been problems in the internalization of the climate change regime by Brazilian subnational governments, in view of the scenario of few legislations passed in the states and municipalities and the scarcity of mechanisms in these laws that establish greater commitments to the regime. However, it is understood that there is a path for greater insertion and engagement of Brazilian subnational governments in climate governance and that these actors can contribute to the advancement of Brazilian climate governance and the search for Brazilian commitments to mitigate and adapt to climate change.