Fisiologia e qualidade pós-colheita de tangerina "Dancy" sob recobrimentos de amidos associados à solvente eutético profundo de ácido oxálico.

Abstract

The 'Dancy' tangerine (Citrus tangerina Hort. Ex. Tanaka) is the most cultivated citrus variety in the state of Paraíba, with the Agreste mesoregion being the largest producer. Citrus production comes from family farming, which mostly lacks technologies for the adoption of good management practices, as well as postharvest conservation. In this context, the use of biodegradable coatings presents itself as an alternative with the advantage of using low-cost regional raw materials for postharvest conservation. The objective of this work was to determine the changes in the physiology and quality of 'Dancy' tangerine fruits under biodegradable coatings based on cassava and jackfruit seeds starches, associated Deep Eutectic Natural Solvent (NADES) obtained from the combination of oxalic acid and choline chloride. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design in a simple 5 x 4 factorial scheme (coatings and evaluation periods), for physical, physical-chemical and antioxidant activity, with four replicates composed of 3 fruits for each coating. For sensory analysis of appearance, the factorial was 5 x 4 (coatings x evaluation periods), with twelve replications, each panelist as one replication, which started on the first day of storage. The use of coatings was efficient in reducing the metabolic rate of 'Dancy' tangerine, and was decisive for the maintenance of quality and sensory acceptance. Alternative sources of starch, sauch as jackfruit seeds, are promising for obtaining coatings. The maintenance of quality in fruits coated with jackfruit seed (FJN) and cassava starches (FMN) added with NADES was as or more efficient than that of fruits in which glycerol was used as a plasticizer. Coated fruits showed superior sensory attributes during 27 days of storage, remaining above the acceptability limit. Tangerines coated with FJG, FJN and FMN showed an increase in postharvest life of more than 20 days as related to the control and more than 6 days as related to those coated with FMG.