A Nova Rota da Seda e os Bancos Multilaterais de Desenvolvimento: uma análise da participação do BAII e do NBD na iniciativa chinesa

Abstract

The New Silk Road initiative represents Xi Jinping's most ambitious position in relation to chinese foreign policy, reflecting the new role that China has been achieving on the international stage as a growing economic power influencing international governance. In challenging the established system of world powers, China has sought to reform traditional international institutions so that they contemplate the potential of chinese power. In addition, the country began to participate in initiatives for the creation of new multilateral institutions to embrace its requirements and have an effective voice in decision-making processes within the international system. In this perspective, the present work makes use of a discussion that China uses the Multilateral Development Banks of which it created and is part as tools to operationalize the New Silk Road. Within this scope, the research question “what is the role of the New Development Bank and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank within the Chinese strategy for establishing a New Silk Road?” was used as a guide for the study and composition of the present work. Through a qualitative methodology, a literature review was carried out in the areas of chinese foreign policy, international political economy, multilateralism and international cooperation for development. Using as a basis for research, primary sources such as official chinese government documents and speeches, constitutive documents of the NDB and AIIB and international agreements; digital libraries and international bibliographic bases, as well as on news portals, this work sought to start a discussion about the relationship between the New Silk Road, the New Development Bank and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, bringing as main results the finding that the AIIB is part of China's declared strategy for financing the New Silk Road and constitutes an important arm of its financing. The New Development Bank, despite its incipience, has a relationship with BRI that exists and has great potential for growth as China expands the scope of its initiative and the Bank opens more financing opportunities, mainly for countries that are part of the New Silk Road geographic area.