A comunidade de aves do Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco: revisão dos dados de ocorrência

Abstract

The remnants of the Atlantic Forest north of São Francisco, collectively called Endemism Center of Pernambuco (ECP) are home to several endemic and threatened bird species. The fragments are small and in general highly degraded, surrounded by urban or monocultures matrix, making ECP a “hotspot within a hotspot”. Relatively few studies have devoted themselves to inventorying their birdlife, and even fewer have sought to see ECP’s situation as a whole. Therefore, the aim of this work is to review the records ECP’s bird communities in the last 20 years and the situation of the fragments. A compilation of avifauna inventories from the most recent scientific literature (2000 to the present day) was performed, adding up to 50 ECP locations, 371 bird species belonging to 66 families. The most frequent species were Vireo Chivi, Cyclarhis gujanensis, Turdus leucomelas and Coereba flaveola; the most frequent families, Thraupidae, Tyrannidae and Thamnophilidae. The five richest fragments can be found in the state of Pernambuco, with ESEC Caetés being the richest. Using ordered clustering analysis, a dendrogram of the localities was constructed. These formed 5 most apparent groups, and they were analyzed according to aspects of richness, size, proximity, landscape matrix, vegetation and fragment conservation. The taxonomic distinction was calculated for the localities. Only two had higher than expected values, Mata da Encosta do Brás (AL) and FLONA de Cabedelo, and most fell outside the confidence funnel, which is evidence of degradation. Linear regression analysis showed that there is no correlation between TD and the fragments’ areas. Further studies are needed to improve the understanding of this panorama, and also to investigate other possible causes of the TD patterns found.