Estimação da curva de Kuznets para os municípios paraibanos: uma análise para o período 1991-2010

Abstract

This paper aims to study the relationship of economic growth and income inequality following the proposal of Kuznets (1955) of the inverted U curve for the municipalities of Paraíba in the years 1991.2000 and 2010. The shape of the curve U inverted, reports that there is an increase in economic growth leads to an increase in income inequality in a process of transition from a traditional rural economy to an urban industrial economy. But that long-term growth would reach a maximum point that would generate benefits to society, thereby reducing the income inequality. To do so, information from Atlas of Human Development in Brazil in 2013 were used. Control variables used are the indicators of income inequality Gini and Theil L, municipal per capita income, industrial energy consumption and percentage of the population aged 25 or more who have completed primary education. The methodology of empirical analysis is made using panel data. The Hausman test we found that the estimation via fixed effect is the most appropriate was performed. The results support the validity of the inverted U hypothesis for the Gini index in the municipalities of PB.