Propriedades do transporte quântico de sistemas correlacionados: ruído de disparo, desigualdade de Bell e estrutura de bandas

Abstract

The quantum system's investigation can be approached by the analysis of its interaction with particles. In this perspective, the scattering process may indicate physical properties associated with the competition betwenn simetries, tunneling, generalized phases, and other quantum e ects. Therefore, given the probabilistic nature of the e ects, an important theoretical-experimental hint is associated to correlation functions, which allows the study of quantum scattering in a complete manner. We develop the correlation functions through the eld operator's formalism and study its applicability in di erent contexts of quantum structures. We verify the in uence of parity, time reversal and quirality on two carriers quantum transport. Then, we show how to detect entanglement between two electrons via the Transport's correlation equations of a ballistic structure. Finally, we study non-usual statistics through the analysis of the behavior of anyons in a quantum system and we will verify a possible description to model Topological Insulators.