Avaliação do desenvolvimento radicular em pacientes nascidos com fissuras labiopalatinas

Abstract

The evaluation of dental development is an integral part of the monitoring of individuals with cleft lip and palate. There is a suggestion that the dental development of these individuals is delayed. Individuals who are born with a cleft may experience a delay in the formation of permanent teeth. The aim of this study was to evaluate root development in patients born with cleft lip and / or palate, in addition to comparing the relationship between dental age and chronological age. Dental maturation was determined by the Demirjian Method in 402 individuals aged 7 to 12 years (201 born with clefts and 201 born without clefts). The differences between dental age and chronological age between groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney test with an alpha of 0.05. A subset of 50 individuals was allocated into 5 groups with defined characteristics in relation to the root formation chronology that were evaluated through panoramic radiographs obtained in two moments, with an interval of two years between them. Dental maturation trajectories were evaluated in comparison to chronological age to identify individuals with different patterns of development. Individuals born with oral cleft had, on average, two months delay in dental maturation in relation to those born without cleft. The analysis of two time points in 50 individuals paired by sex and age allowed the identification of five patterns of difference between dental and chronological age. These distributions were statistically significant (p = 0.0002). It can be concluded that individuals who are born with cleft lip and palate have a higher frequency of delayed dental maturation over time, compared to individuals born without cleft.