A bancada ruralista no Congresso Nacional: articulações e ações legislativas que configuram ataques às leis de proteção ambiental

Abstract

This text deals with contemporary strategies aimed at meeting the demands of productive restructuring of capital that drive the exploitation of natural goods and the appropriation of nature by capitalism in Brazil. It is in the context of the global restructuring of capitalism accompanied by the destructive restructuring of a national political project in Brazil, that the objective of this research was based on the understanding of how political agents in Brazil the legislative process unfolds in the parliamentary scope of the National Congress, which has been building and sustaining over the years an agenda that brings together the new territorials dynamics of capital with the attack to the laws of environmental protection. The roots of the political mobilization of the agents of this process were also analyzed, that is, those who represent agribusiness in the parliamentary spheres, institutionalized in the parliament as the Parliamentary Agricultural Front, better known as the ruralist bench. The objective of this text, therefore, is to present analyzes on the legislative actions and productions guided by those who, in the exercise of the parliamentary function or state deputies, occupy the federal legislative and executive powers (Chamber of Deputies, Chamber of Deputies, Senate, presidency of the republic and ministries). The methodology, which, in addition to bibliographical research, included documentary research on legislative production, made it possible to identify, analyze and categorize the existing patterns in this process within the established period. The cut begins in 1987, a time of agitation by political groups and class representations during the period of elaboration of a new Federal Constitution and democratic opening with the New Republic, and ends in 2020, the second year of Bolsonaro's government, a period of exponential growth of the political, legislative, judicial, physical and territorial violence against traditional peoples, but also against other vulnerable layers of civil society. Thus, the results and considerations indicate that the legislative developments of the rural project aligned with the new capitalist dynamics built the greatest destruction of environmental legislation and nature preservation in a short period of time.