Uma proposta didática para o ensino de misturas e seus processos de separação utilizando experimentação e jogo didático

Abstract

Science teaching, especially in chemistry, has been marked by traditional methodologies in a decontextualized way. The use of problematizing themes that emphasize the construction of scientific thinking by students and that are intrinsically related to t heir daily lives is increasingly being prepared with a possibility. This work aims to provide a didactic sequence for application in classes of the first year of high school, based on the pedagogical moments of Delizoicov, through the theme of oil spills o n beaches in northeastern Brazil, in an attempt to problematize it, together with the use of experimentation and didactic game. What motivated the realization of this work was the fact that this theme is widely disseminated by the media, which can attract the attention of students, leading to a more significant learning, and also, in view of the importance for the society of the production of oil products and the possibility of working with different chemical contents. One of the questions posed for the development of this work was to verify how the experimentation and games in the classroom were being worked on by the teachers, together with previous knowledge about the theme. It was observed that 78% of the students point out that the experimentation has been worked as a demonstration, when only the teacher or one student manipulates the experiment while the rest observes the results. Due to the low presence of these resources in the school reality, a didactic sequence was proposed with activities that addr ess the theme together with the content of substances and mixtures and their separation processes. With this proposal, it was sought not only the construction of scientific knowledge, but also the strengthening of the students' critical vision and the application of acquired knowledge to other topics, such as water treatment in a treatment plant.