Qualidade de sementes de algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum L.) tratadas com ácidos salicílico

Abstract

Cotton (Gossypium sp.) is one of the most important fibers in the world, produced in more than 60 countries. Techniques that induce improvement in seed physiological and health quality are important to increase plant performance and uniformity under field conditions. The use of growth regulators can favor the performance of seedlings, improving the physiological performance of several plant species. The objective was to determine the influence of salicylic acid on the sanitary and physiological quality of cotton seeds. The work was carried out at the Phytopathology Laboratory (LAFIT) of the Federal University of Paraíba-Campus II, with seeds from three cotton cultivars (BRS 368 RF, BRS Rubi and BRS Verde). After sanitization, the treatments were characterized by the imbibition of each cultivar in a salicylic acid (SA) solution for 5 minutes with concentrations of 0; 0.5; 1.0, 1.5 mM and application of the fungicide Captana 240g of product per 100 kg of seed. Sanity, germination and emergence tests were performed. Fungal incidence, first germination and emergence count, germination and emergence speed index, hard and dead seeds, length and root dry matter were verified. The treatments were arranged in a factorial scheme with four concentrations of salicylic acid (SA), three cultivars and an additional treatment composed of the fungicide captan. In the control of phytopathogens, it was possible to observe that for the fungus Trichoderma sp. the treatments had a positive effect on BRS Rubi cultivar. For Cladosporium sp. the application of AS was satisfactory. The application of AS has been shown to cause negative and harmful effects on the development of cotton crops at a concentration of 1.5 mM, reducing germination and vigor.