Educação financeira: um estudo sobre as finanças pessoais e endividamento dos moradores da cidade de João Pessoa

Abstract

The way that the individual manages their resources balancing what they have and their needs is extremely important, thus the financial education produced in the training of these people and a set of knowledge is necessary. Therefore, this monograph aims to analyze the behavioral, social and practical factors that influence the indebtedness of the residents of João Pessoa-PB, in order to draw a profile of the indebted and identify the opportunity for improvement through Financial Education. It was determined as a methodology the qualitative-quantitative research of descriptive and exploratory nature. The collection instrument consisted of a semi-structured questionnaire in the Google Forms tool, consisting of 23 questions. 168 respondents participated in the investigation and the survey results made it possible to relate data on gender, age group, education level and marital status to issues related to financial education, indebtedness and personal finance. In part of the questionnaire, the Likert scale methodology was used and the correlation between the variables analyzed was analyzed by calculating the Spearman correlation coefficient. The results induced that there is a positive correlation of 0.419 between respondents who claimed to have knowledge of financial education and if they control spending, dare people who claimed to have a good level of financial education also made the practice of controlling expenses, in addition, there is a direct proportional and moderate correlation of 0.425 between people who had most of their income committed and the frequency with which they partially paid the credit card bill, thus showing respondents who have a higher frequency of Compromised credit of monthly income also had a higher frequency for non-payment of the credit card bill in full. Another result is that 74.4% of respondents had to make some type of spending cuts during the pandemic and these 54.17% of respondents had a reduced family income for the same reason.