Avaliação nutricional e energética de dietas com baixa e alta fibra para suínos de diferentes grupos genéticos

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate in a nutritional and energetic way the effects of low and high fiber diets for pigs of different genetic groups in the growth phase. 16 castrated male piglets, housed in metabolic cages, were used. The animals were distributed in randomized blocks (DBC) to control weight variation, the treatment consisted of a 2x2 factorial arrangement, with two levels of fiber (low and high fiber) and two genetic groups (Moorish and commercial lineage), culminating in four treatments with four repetitions each. The experiment had a period of five days of adaptation to the cages and diets and 5 days of collection, the total daily amount of feed was defined according to the consumption of the adaptation period based on the metabolic weight (kg 0.75) of each experimental unit. The diets were weighed and moistened with a ratio of 1: 1 and supplied twice a day, after each meal water was offered ad libitum. After sampling, the contents of dry matter (DM), crude protein (PB), mineral matter (MM) and organic matter (MO) and gross energy (EB) of food, diet and feces were determined to obtain the digestibility coefficients of the diets. Better digestibility coefficients were observed for dry matter (84.59%) and mineral matter (33.11 |%) for animals that consumed the high fiber diet regardless of their genetic group. However, a lower digestibility coefficient was observed for ether extract (36.55%) in animals that consumed the high fiber diet. For the nutrients and digestible energy of the diets in relation to the genetic material used, there was no influence (P> 0.05), however diets containing different fiber contents, affected (P <0.05) the dry matter values, mineral matter, crude protein, ether extract and digestible energy. High fiber diets improved (P <0.05) the digestible values of dry matter, mineral matter and energy of the diets, however by increasing the fiber content of the diet and reducing the value of digestible protein and ether extract. It is concluded that the digestibility coefficients of diets containing different fiber contents were not affected by genetics, however diets with high fiber can alter the digestibility of nutrients and energy.