RESSONÂNCIAS DAS TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO NAS SUBJETIVIDADES CONTEMPORÂNEAS: UMA LEITURA PSICANALÍTICA

Abstract

This work aims to investigate the resonances of new information and communication technologies in the subjectivation process of contemporary subjects, in the light of psychoanalysis, focusing more specifically on the reverberations identified as negative or potentially threatening. Therefore, we seek to know how the internet works, its algorithms and its relationship with the subjectivation process; verify the articulation of capitalism with technological development and understand to what extent the notions of the Freudian unconscious, subject of the unconscious, drive and jouissance, can contribute to thinking about this emerging subjectivity. It is a research with a qualitative approach, based on a bibliographic survey of the available literature on information and communication technologies, as well as on psychoanalytic literature. Technological resources such as videos and other virtual publications available on the internet, are also used as a source of research. Despite the great benefits arising from advanced technological development, the excessive coexistence with digital technologies and their repercussions on the subject and society have raised concerns and growing debates today. The results obtained with this research demonstrate that human evolution and technology have always progressed together, and that capitalism takes possession of human doing and knowledge from a very early age, keeping them under strict control until the present day. So it continues to do so in the territory of the internet, led by the so-called Big Techs, where the hypermodern device of digital algorithms, allied to Big Data, constitutes the newest and most invasive resource of neoliberalism for the exploration and domination of the subject. In the development of this paper, the process of subjectivation of the modern era and hypermodernity is analyzed, based on the technologies of each era, noting that the average person, which once used to build their subjectivity in privacy and intimacy, now builds it more in the collective virtual space. In this way, the transition from a posture of interiority, typical of modernity, to a posture of ectimacy in today's society stands out. Neoliberalism bets on happiness as consumption, which is based on personalized marketing, from the extraction of indiscriminate user data, which in turn presents the user a personalized assortment of products for sale. It is also observed the use of digital algorithms for the constitution of the so-called digital bubbles, which modulate the subject's gaze and affection, submitting him to coexistence only with similar people, keeping him captured in the equal and distant from otherness. It also addresses the cult of narcissism and the behavior of the subject of the masses in contemporaneity. Finally, it is concluded that the new web configuration is at the service of neoliberal manipulation, providing the rejection of the unconscious, leaving the subject more vulnerable to the drive and fixation on jouissance.