"Se evita abordar aquele pessoal que parece que é de alto nível”: uma discussão sobre governamentalidade e necropolítica no âmbito do Programa Paraíba Unida pela Paz

Abstract

This thesis has as research object the Paraíba United for Peace Program (PPUPP), a public policy developed within the scope of the State Department of Security and Social Defense of Paraíba, which has been referenced nationally for the reduction, in eight consecutive years, of the rates of intentional lethal violent crimes. Following the Foucaultian perspective, the theoretical line that supports this thesis, it is a life policy. However, the State in question is understood as a territory of average youth vulnerability, since the chances of a young black man dying in relation to a young white man are 8.82 times greater. Thus, we sought to understand how the policy in question and the agents of the Paraíba Military Police (PMPB) - one of the institutions responsible for the implementation of the PPUPP - had been facing this mortality. Through qualitative research, semi-structured interviews were conducted with PMPB Officers and Soldiers, as well as content analysis of the laws that support this policy and implement bonuses for meeting goals, in view of the assumptions of the new public management that underpin it. In order to suspend some triumphant truths, such as the discourse on peace and “everybody's” life, concepts such as governmentality, biopolitics and necropolitics are mobilized, in order to demonstrate the need to broaden Foucault's perception of “making live and letting die” in contemporary times, when markers such as race and youth are articulated in the field of public security. With this, the thesis maintains that there is a “make live”, a “let die” and a “make die” when the aforementioned markers are articulated, showing that even in so-called life policies, there is an extermination of the young black population strategically gestated, that is, there are enmity policies that support modern rationality and chancell the death of part of the population. Through the empirical research carried out, three analytical axes were arrived at, namely: new public management, enmity policies and solidarity police, which made it possible to problematize the Program in question, aiming at some strategic silences historically fed in the field of Paraíba public security. The thesis, apart from the introduction, final considerations and bibliographical references, is divided into four chapters, in which it aim to articulate male and female authors in the field of the sociology of violence, racial relations, as well as public policies located in this field, also mobilizing the speeches of the interviewees.