Aspectos da violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher na cidade de Guarabira/PB: fatores determinantes e estratégias preventivas para seu enfrentamento

Abstract

Misunderstandings about the complex web of factors and conditions that lead to domestic and family violence against women (VDFM) reveal themselves as one of the main obstacles to the effective treatment of this problem, sometimes making public policies that do not consider the peculiar condition innocuous. women within gender relations. No wonder that, despite the more rigorous treatment that has been given to the VDFM, especially after the advent of the Maria da Penha Law (Law No. 11.340/06), and its constant updates, what is observed is that, instead of recrudescence of the rates of such criminal practice, according to statistics gathered by DataSenado, in partnership with the Observatório da Mulher against Violence, there was an increase from 69% to 82% in the perception of the increase in cases of aggression against people female between the years 2017 to 2019 in Brazil. From this results the need to have a different treatment and a specific look around this issue, since the triggers that trigger the VDFM arise from factors that are historicallyculturally linked to gender asymmetries molded within a patriarchal ideology. Despite the recognized efficiency of repressive confrontation, based on the arrest of the aggressor and the application of urgent protective measures, however, from the data presented above, it is clear that this method alone has not had the expected deterrent effects. In this vein, the present research has as its general objective to propose specific actions to fight this crime, based on the specific objectives, which consist of identifying the profile of the raped woman as well as the determining and recurrent factors that favor the practice of VDFM in the city of Guarabira/PB. Regarding the methodological path, this study presents itself as a bibliographical and documentary research of a qualitative nature, elaborated through the inductive method, in which we analyzed 44 testimonies, contained in the database of the Pje System of the Court of Justice of Paraíba, provided by women in the police investigation stage who were victims of domestic and family violence during the base year 2020 within the aforementioned municipality. From our investigations, we could see that in addition to the legal methods of confronting the VDFM, based almost exclusively on the punishment of the aggressor and the granting of urgent protective measures, it is necessary that the strategies fall on the causes of the VDFM and not on the effects of this (aggression), which will only be possible through massive and transversal information policies of deconstruction of the social model imposed by the culture of patriarchy, which reproduces the gender asymmetries and the multiple forms of violence resulting from it.