Uso de métodos contraceptivos por mulheres obesas no pré e pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica em hospital universitário

Abstract

Objective: To describe the use of contraceptive methods in obese women in pre and postoperative period of bariatric surgery. Methods: This is a cross-sectional quantitative exploratory study, carried out between August 2018 and July 2019 at a clinic of bariatric surgery in an University Hospital in northeastern Brazil, The study included female patients, reproductive age, between 18 and 49 years old, who attend at the clinic. Data collection was carried out for convenience through a semi-structured interview. To perform the statistical tests, we used the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. The level of significance accepted was p < 0,05. Results: 51 women were analyzed, of them 35 in preoperative and 16 in postoperative period of bariatric surgery. When the use of contraceptive methods was evaluated, among the total number of women, it was observed that 14 (27.5%) did not use any contraceptive method, although most did not have the desire to become pregnant (66.7%) or only wished to become pregnant in the future (23.5%). According to Fisher's exact test, there was no statistically significant association (p > 0.05) between doing bariatric surgery and the use of contraceptives. While the percentage of contraceptive users in preoperative was 80%, in postoperative the percentage was 56.3%. Conclusions: In the present sample, there was a significant number of women in active sexual life without the use of contraceptive methods. Knowing that recovery after bariatric surgery corresponds to a critical period for an early pregnancy, orientation on adequate contraception is needed.