Prevalência e fatores associados à síndrome de fragilidade em pacientes idosos de ambulatórios de geriatria

Abstract

Frailty in the elderly is a multidimensional syndrome of high epidemiological variation and little investigated. The number of studies in specialized outpatient clinics and in the Northeast is insufficient. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with frailty in a specialized geriatric and gerontology outpatient clinic at a reference hospital in the state of Paraíba. This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 186 participants aged 60 years or older. A descriptive analysis was performed, as well as identification of association through bivariate analysis (Phi Coefficient, Cramer's V, and Kendall's tau-b) and calculation estimate of odds ratios (95% CI and α<0.05) using multinomial logistic regression. There is a prevalence of pre-frailty of 46.2% and a prevalence of frailty of 25.8%. There is a positive gradient between frailty phenotype and the male gender, non-white skin color, elderly without a partner and no schooling, ex-smoker, falls, incomplete vaccination, heart disease, pneumopathies, arterial hypertension, depressive disorders, and changes in BMI. There is a high prevalence of the frailty phenotype at a specialized outpatient clinic, as well as an association with health conditions amenable to prevention and intervention.